Step-by-Step Guide to Consular Processing for Family-Based Visas

This article was last updated and fact checked on October 3, 2024 by Mani Karthik.

When it comes to bringing your family to the US, consular processing is often the go-to option. But let’s be honest—it’s not always the simplest. From forms to interviews, it can feel like a never-ending checklist.

Don’t worry, though, we’re here to walk you through the whole process, one step at a time.

What is Consular Processing?

Consular processing is the method you use when applying for a family-based green card from outside the United States. Instead of adjusting status while in the US, you’ll complete the process through a US consulate or embassy in your home country.

It’s how most people from India apply for family-based immigrant visas. Once approved, you’ll get a visa that lets you enter the US as a lawful permanent resident—aka, you’re getting that green card!

Step 1: Petition Filing (Form I-130)

It all starts with filing Form I-130, Petition for Alien Relative. This is where the US citizen or permanent resident (your sponsor) files a petition to establish the family relationship with you.

Here’s what your sponsor needs to submit:

• Form I-130
• Proof of US citizenship or residency (copy of passport or green card)
• Proof of family relationship (marriage certificate, birth certificate, etc.)
• Filing fee (check the latest on USCIS)

Once submitted, USCIS will review the petition. This can take several months, depending on the visa backlog.

Tip: Make sure all documents are complete and accurate to avoid delays.

Step 2: Wait for USCIS Approval

Once Form I-130 is filed, it’s a waiting game. USCIS will process the petition, and if everything checks out, they’ll send an approval notice. You’ll also be forwarded to the National Visa Center (NVC), which handles the next steps.

The NVC will ask you to submit additional documents and pay the required fees. You’ll also need to complete the online DS-260 form, which is your actual immigrant visa application.

Step 3: Prepare for Your Visa Interview

Now it’s time for the big moment—the visa interview. Once the NVC processes your documents and fees, they’ll schedule an interview at your local US consulate or embassy. This is when your case gets reviewed in person.

Make sure you bring:

• Your passport
• DS-260 confirmation page
• Medical exam results
• Visa fee receipt
• Original and translated documents

During the interview, the consular officer will ask questions to confirm your eligibility for the visa. It’s usually straightforward but prepare for questions about your relationship with your sponsor and background.

Tip: Answer honestly and calmly. They’re just verifying what you’ve already provided.

Step 4: Medical Examination

Before the interview, you’ll need to undergo a medical examination by an authorized physician. This is a must, so don’t skip it. You’ll be screened for any health issues that could prevent you from entering the US.

The doctor will give you a sealed envelope with your results. Don’t open it—it goes straight to the consulate during your interview. Find a list of authorized physicians on the US Embassy website.

Step 5: Wait for Your Visa to Be Issued

Once the interview is complete, and if all goes well, you’ll be approved for your visa. But there’s one more thing: You’ll need to wait for your passport to be returned with the visa inside. This typically takes a few days to a few weeks.

Once you have your visa, you can finally make travel arrangements to the US!

Tip: Don’t book non-refundable flights until your visa is in hand.

Final Thoughts

Consular processing can be a long road, but with careful preparation, you’ll get there. Make sure to follow each step, keep your documents organized, and communicate clearly with your sponsor and the US consulate.

Need more details? Check out the official USCIS website for up-to-date information on family-based visas and consular processing.